INTRODUCTION

Traditionally women are regarded as conservers, men as innovators .all such generalization are dangerous if they lead us to disregard the tremendous range of variation between women as between men, theextent to which different cultures provide different forms of expression for both sexes and the potentialities which lie dormant in any human being upon whom the society makes only partial demands.

There can be no doubt that the women of Pakistan are striving to play their part in raising the status of themselves ,their families and their nation .our women have already won for themselves onenviable reputation at the highest level of our national life as well as international circle. We are confident from the spirit which the women of Pakistan have shown in such achievement as those of the all Pakistan women association that they can assume a role of great importance in the consolidation and development of the country if their dynamism and dedication can be nurtured and their efforts guided into those channel where they can be of the greatest service.

This duty of choosing what to keep ,what to change and what to throw away in an extension into the civic field of women traditional function as house keepers. We cannot consider the social role of women without knowledge of the society in which she lives, nor begin to educate her for citizenship until we know in what sort of state she is to function as a citizen.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study was intended to be survey of the attitude of selected parents towards the higher education of their daughters.

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

One of the outstanding problems, Pakistan is facing in the process of socio-economic development in the high rate of illiteracy of her people .at present it is estimated to be above 80%. This problem is causing various other problems also, the masses of Pakistan backward in social and civic consciousness and they generally lack motivation to improve their lot. They are shocked with age old functionality useless customs and tradition which many times result in wastage of human efforts and material resources.The educational backwardness of Pakistani people is most conspicuous in respect of womens education. It is generally recognized that to teach a boy is to teach one person but to teach a girl is to teach a family. But in Pakistan, womens education in particularly neglected in the nations educational efforts. The educational backwardness of Pakistani women has multiple caustion.peoples attitude and value system sometimes come in the way of sending their girls to the university. Many survey studies are needed to investigate the causes of womens educational backwardness. One important aspect of this investigation is related the parents attitude toward the higher education of their girl.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

Fowling were the objectives of the study1. To survey the attitudes of selected khushabs parents towards the higher education of their daughters2. To find out any differences in the attitude of parents coming from different socio-economic classes.3. To augment further research and study in the area.

LIMITATION

1. Only parents of AIWAN COLONY KHUSHABWERE SELECTED.THE RESEACH WORKER assumed that the parents of that colony would in a better position to form opinions about the higher education.2. The findings of this study were based on the stated opinion of sampled parents.3. The socio-economic status of the parents was determined by there each worker on the basis of their monthly per capita income worked out through the information secures in the questionnaire.

HYPOTHESIS

Ho: parents does not favor their daughter higher education due to economic reason.

H1: parents favor their daughter higher education due to economic reason

H0: co-education is the main problem in their daughter higher education.

H1: Co-education is not the main problem in their daughters higher education.

METHODS AND PROCEDURE

Questionnaire will be used for this study the method of percentage proportion will be used. According to my questionnaire it is quite easy and better to drive the result by means of percentage proportion.

POPULATION

The population of our study is AIWAN COLONOY OF KHUSHAB CITY.

SAMPLE

For the convenience of research, sample consists of thirty parents have been picked from AIWAN COLONY KHUSHAB randomly.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Attitudes are formed in relation to situations or groups with which the individual comes into contact in the courses of his development .once formed they determine that the individual reacts in a characteristic way to these or related situation persons and groups .this characteristics feature which is inferred from behavior denotes a to functional state of readiness in relation to situation which elicit it (6:490)1. Attitude their formation and characteristics.Apart (4:45) define attitude asA mental and neural stage of readiness organized through experience exerting a directive or dynamic influence upon the individual, responses to all object and situation with which it is related.Shrif and shrif discuss the basis of social attitude in the fowling words .the end product of the socialization process is embodied in the social attitude of the individual and in his words and deeds reflecting this attitude.

JOHN NEWSOM AS QUOTED BY TAIL SAYS

It may be well to stress the importance to our whole civilization of ensuring that women of all classes receive in the very best preparation for adult life that can be given them, no because of their inalienable rights as an indvidual,but because they are of the too sexes. The most influential for the feature well being of man kind .women create men and women, they do so physically, mentally and spritully, as mothers, wives and teachers. They are the true architectures of the future workmen civilization.

IN RONINSONS WORDS AS QUOTED BY TAIT

It is an economic fallacy to suppose that a married women is a gainful occupation necessarily displeasures a single women. Married women who are herself employed can in turn afford to employ a domestic servant to do the house hold work. Whichshe might otherwise have to do herself. it is biological mistake to force the more intelligent women to make clear cut choice between marriage on the one hand and independent career on the other hand like men she is capable of doing all kind of clerical ,administrative and professional work ,but unlike man she also produce children.(7:64)

On the importance of womens education the commission says

Unless a mother is highly educated there will never be an educate home or an educated community. atthe same time primary education is the first step in the educational programmed through which we must secure large number of women of teaching, medicine, nursing and wide variety of careers and professional, itis essential that the foundation of education for women be firmly consolidated and that the facilities provided available for girls, education be in every respect equal to whose available for boys. We recommend therefore, that in the future expansion of higher education on the facilities provided for girls should be equal both in quantity and quality to those provided for boys.

Research Work

RWO has very useful gender related research work in different topics by number of think tanks and sensitized researchers. They are very much good at different latest tools and technologies regarding research. Different Articles and Research Work is mentioned below,

1. Attitude of Male and Female Teachers towards Their Male and Female Students at University Level

2. Physical, Social and Financial Problems of Females Using Various Methods of Contraception

3. Divorce

4. A Study of Factors Leading Women to Prostitution

5. Women Rights

6. Gender Biasness in Jobs

7. A Study of The Extent of Child Labor among Squatters

8. Gender, Environment and Role of NGOs

9. APA References

10. A Study on the Impact of T.V. Programme "Khawateen Time"

11. Female Education and Islam – An Article

12. CEDAW and Pakistan – An Article

13. Problems of Working Women in Pakistan

14. Gender Equality in Islam

15. Comparison of Muslim Women with Different Civilization and Female Education in Islam

. . . many more

All the above mentioned Research Work is available on request.

Fahmeed Shaukat
President
Royal Welfare Organization
Mobile: 923214009956
923215555876
Email:
shaukat.fahmeed@gmail.com

ECONOMIC STATUS AND EMPOWERMENT OF PAKISTANI RURAL EMPLOYED WOMEN

INTRODUCTION

Economic status and empowerment of Pakistani rural employed women, the researcher showed a great regret on the so pathetic situation of rural women. He said that our rural women is in a great economic depression because of strong patriotically routes in our villages. Women of rural areas are facing great problems who are employed in any sense of work. He stated the reason of their problems.

One of the major problems is mechanization and commercialization in the rural areas. Which restrict their sources of getting work? Moreover, he is strongly of the view that the agricultural tools are the strongest route of confining them to their houses. Most of the rural women are forced to remain in domestic chores so; it has become one of the major problems of rural women to move forward towards the way of development and to get a reasonable status in the rural community. It has always been a concerning thing that how the rural women can become an active part of the rural community. The other problem is that the rural women have fewer opportunities to take an active part in the developmental sort of tasks.

Feudalism is another big hurdle in the way of rural women’s development. They are not much keen to have the women on the scene of getting development. They just want to have them in their houses as “Bandi”, whose responsibilities are to take care of their children, animals and themselves and give them a least number of salaries. So, this is one of the greatest curses for the rural women to participate in the developmental tasks. It really bound the rural women to work for their sake and to earn a handsome amount of money.

Lack of education is another problem for rural women to be active in current circumstances because they do not know about their actual rights. As compare to women of urban areas, the rural women are in quite decisive position. In urban areas, the women have a lot of opportunities than the rural women e.g. urban women are more educated than the rural women secondly they have many opportunities for working in government sectors and the private sectors as well. So, the lack of education is a big hurdle for the rural women.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Here the researcher critically discusses the Ayub Khan’s Green Revolution program and his agricultural reforms which really confined women to their houses. Then he straight forwardly criticized the agricultural reforms. The mechanization of agriculture not only narrowed the employment spectrum of rural women but also unable them to reduce the burden of their work.

Importantly, he is strongly of the view that the mechanization of agricultural tools is the basic factor of rural women’s backwardness. The researcher has completely ignored the two major points and that are Islamic influence on our society and literacy rate of the rural women.

Commercialization of the agriculture is a big problem for widened the income gap between male and female. Women are restricted to certain low paid jobs. That is how the rural women are forced to keep their concentration at low jobs. Which involves mostly un-skilled and semi skilled works. Majority of the women working in the informal sector are home- based workers. The advantage of home-based work for women is that they can choose the time for doing the work and combine it with their other household chores and manage to overcome the restrictions on their mobility and undertaking paid work. The disadvantage is that the work is often tedious and time consuming and the ratio of labor and time input to income earned are highly inequitable.

Low levels of education and skills, lack of capital resources, lower income and a high degree of segregation characterize the informal sector.

The largest share of the female labor force in rural areas consists of women who are economically active within the household only. There is a lack of data about these women. Therefore determine the economic status of rural women only the employed women are analyzed. To evaluate the economic status of rural employed women and their level of empowerment five parameters are to be used to analyze by using official available statistical data. These parameters are the share and nature of occupation employment, status, work place, hours worked and involvement in formal or informal sectors.

CONCLUSION

In this particular research the researcher highlighted on the different aspects of the rural women’s life. He wants to show that how the rural employed women in Pakistan is deprived from their basic rights. He told in different scenarios of the study that mechanization of agriculture put the rural employed women back into the decline and also increase their domestic burden which becomes an impossible thing to escape from this depression. The researcher is quite far from the Islamic influence on our society and the literacy rate in rural areas of Pakistan. He is giving no importance to education however; it could be a main factor in the empowerment of rural employed women with special reference to Pakistan.

Under the article under discussion there is no point in Islamic perspective. Because Islam has a great influence on the social lives of the rural people and special effects on rural women. Most importantly the researcher does not give any positive solution for the rural employed women to get rid of the problems. If there is a need to over come the problems, the participatory approach is quite handy one to sustain the forth coming situations and the development projects. No development project is mentioned in the study then how a rural woman can change her traditional way of living. If the existence of education is difficult thing for the think tanks then there is another way is there which awareness is. The expansion of minds would be helpful for them to move forward towards the way of development and to get succeed in their life.

Written By: Feedham

Royal Welfare Organization

Royal Welfare Organization (Regd.)

Royal Welfare Organization is a non - profit and non - political organization. it is Kasur based organization and registered with Social Welfare Department under the Act 1979.

About Us

We empower youth technically irrespective of their formal education to support their family economically. We dub them as small entrepreneurs who are able to run their businesses on small level. We, not only, give them just career counseling for becoming small entrepreneurs, but also assist them financially through our micro finance scheme (which is only limited for our trainers).

In Pakistan labour force include all persons who are of ten years and above, and during the period are without work, currently available for work and seeking for work. By keeping this thing in view, with the help of our short term skill development, we are trying to eradicate youth unemployment.

Board of Directors

No.	Name	Education	Designation
1.	Fahmeed Shaukat	Masters in Gender Studies	President
2.	Ghulam Mustafa	B.A	Vice President I
3.	Munir Nishan	Metric	Vice President II
4.	Sarmad Waseem Zafar	B.A	General Secretary
5.	Furqan Ahmad Kawish	Metric	Joint Secretary
6.	Muhammad Ramzan	Metric	Finance Secretary
7.	Shabbir Hussain	Metric	Press Secretary

Our Mission

To empower youth through technical education in various aspects not only for male youth but also for female youth in order to enhance their economic role and decision making capacity.

Objectives

1. Youth empowerment through technical education
2. Research and Development of Kasur City to dig out hidden problems facing by Kasurees.
3. Research and dissemination of information that will enable women and men to challenge the dominance of ideas that support socioeconomic divisions on the basis of gender, class, religion, race and nationality.
4. Women empowerment through imparting different varieties of artisanal household skills.

On Going Projects

Golden Star Cricket Club (Regd) Kasur

1. To provide youth improved and latest training
2. To make a positive air of competition among club members
3. To make them confident and good citizen of Pakistan
4. To provide them with better opportunities in the field of cricket
5. To promote them by every way for popular employers
6. To counsel them for their career path

You can also catch us @ http://ngos.pk/royalwelfare